Руководство для зрителей dota 2

Hero Abilities
Hero	Ability
Disruptor	Thunder Strike
Lifestealer	Infest
Razor	Static Link
Silencer	Last Word
Sniper	Assassinate
Spirit Breaker	Charge of Darkness

Line of sight!

Vision is a gameplay mechanic which determines what a unit can and cannot see. Areas a unit cannot see are filled with the Fog of War, the dark places of the map where no ally currently has vision of. Unit vision is written in a Day / Night format. If a unit has 1800 vision range during the day and 800 vision range at night, it will be written as 1800 / 800.

Invisible units cannot be seen normally, and must be spotted by a unit with True Sight.

There’s always a lot going on in Dota 2, so let’s learn about the elements of the game and what important things the commentators frequently point out.

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Whether you’re actually interested in playing Dota 2 or not is another story, but chances are, you might at least want to watch it. If you’ve found the game confusing, don’t worry, you’re not alone — there’s a lot going on in this game at any given time. As anticipation for The International is heating up, you’ll probably find yourself wanting to join in and watch (and please do, watching Dota is a lot of fun, especially with friends!).

I also updated the guide to include new elements from the 7.33 patch, which changed up the map significantly and added several new mechanics.

I will attempt to give a semi-thorough explanation of the basics of the game along with essential terminology that you’re most likely to encounter while listening and watching. Let’s get into it while celebrating MOBA week with Game On!

Sources of ground vision from spells:

Hero Abilities
Hero	Ability	Ground Vision Radius	Vision Duration
Ancient Apparition	Ice Vortex	200	16
Bloodseeker	Blood Rite	200	6
Crystal Maiden	Crystal Nova	900	6
Disruptor	Kinetic Field	325	2.5 / 3 / 3.5 / 4
Elder Titan	Astral Spirit	400	8
Gyrocopter	Call Down	300	4
Kunkka	Torrent	300	3.6
Techies	Proximity Mines	64	Until detonated
	Blast Off	400	2
	Remote Mines	700	10 minutes
Item Abilities
Item	Ability	Ground Vision Radius	Duration
Observer Ward	Plant Ward	1600	7 minutes
Sentry Ward	Plant Ward	150	12
Manta Style	Mirror Image	1000	0.23

Sources of flying vision from spells:

Hero Abilities
Hero	Ability	Flying Vision Radius	Vision Duration
Alchemist	Unstable Concoction Throw	300	Projectile duration
Ancient Apparition	Ice Blast	500	3
	Release	650	4
Batrider	Sticky Napalm	400	2
	Flamebreak	175	Projectile duration
	Firefly	Current vision range	15
Beastmaster	Wild Axes	350	Projectile duration
Clockwerk	Rocket Flare	600	10
Faceless Void	Chronosphere	475	4 / 4.5 / 5
Invoker	Chaos Meteor	500	6
	Sun Strike	400	6
	Tornado	600	1.75
Io	Spirits	150	3
Jakiro	Ice Path	200	2.5
Juggernaut	Omnislash	200	Omnislash duration
Keeper of the Light	Illuminate	375	10.34
Kunkka	Ghost Ship	300	3
Lich	Chain Frost	800	Projectile duration
Medusa	Mystic Snake	100	Projectile duration
Meepo	Earthbind	300	Projectile duration
Mirana	Sacred Arrow	500	Projectile duration, then 3
Monkey King	Tree Dance	800	While perched
Nature’s Prophet	Sprout	500	3 / 4 / 5 / 6
Phantom Assassin	Stifling Dagger	450	Projectile duration, then 3.34
Puck	Illusory Orb	450	3.34
Pudge	Meat Hook	500	4
Razor	Plasma Field	800	4.5
Shadow Demon	Shadow Poison	190	Projectile duration
Skywrath Mage	Arcane Bolt	325	Projectile duration, then 3.34
	Concussive Shot	300	Projectile duration, then 3.34
Sniper	Shrapnel	450	10.8
Spectre	Spectral Dagger	200	12
Storm Spirit	Static Remnant	500	12
	Ball Lightning	400	While in use
Techies	Proximity Mines	300	1
	Stasis Trap	300	1
	Remote Mines	500	3
Timbersaw	Chakram	300	Chakram duration
Treant Protector	Eyes In The Forest	800	Tree duration
Tusk	Ice Shards	100	2
Vengeful Spirit	Wave of Terror	500	3
Venomancer	Venomous Gale	400	Projectile duration
Windranger	Powershot	400	3.34
Zeus	lightning bolt	750	4.5
	Thundergod’s Wrath	1000	3
Item Abilities
Item	Ability	Flying Vision Radius	Duration
Shiva’s Guard	Arctic Blast	800	4.5

Dota 2 Map and Lanes

In terms of the basics: Dota 2 is made up of a 5v5 between two teams, the Radiant and the Dire (that’s always assigned randomly). Both sides are mirrored and have identical bases, and the goal is to destroy the opposing Ancient, the key building, sometimes also called Throne. That is the only way to win the game, as the heroes have unlimited lives and always respawn (with increasingly longer timers the longer the match goes.)

There are 3 lanes, bottom, middle, and top, and that’s where a lot of the action takes place. Every 30 seconds, little monsters called creeps venture out from both sides to meet and battle. Heroes can kill them for gold and experience, getting stronger, while trying to KO the other heroes. Each side has its own Safe Lane, Mid Lane, and Offlane. The Safe Lane is easier for the respective side, and the Offlane is harder.

Each lane has 3 towers in it, the furthest ones being the Tier 1s (weakest), then onto Tier 2 and Tier 3, which start in the bases, ending with the Tier 4 towers, which are right in front of the Ancient.

In between the lanes, there are many trees, which offer cover and ample opportunity to ambush the enemy. There are also neutral monsters which can be defeated for additional gold. Gold is really important in the game, because items that you buy in Dota 2 are really powerful. They can help counter the enemy lineup and vastly increase the power of your hero.

If you’re more of a video person, check out this 2-minute official overview; the map is slightly outdated, but all the information holds up.

Watch a game of Dota 2

Want to just see a game in action? We streamed a game of Dota 2 (starring yours truly)! Together with RaiBOT1, I explain as much as possible while playing. It was an exceptionally hype game, too. Check it out.

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Dota 2 Glossary and Terms

Aghanim’s Scepter

A unique and powerful upgrade for every hero. It’s usually some kind of unique ability or it can add a whole new dimension to one of their skills. For example, Crystal Maiden’s Freezing Field will also apply one of her other spells as they take damage, which means they’ll get stuck in place during her damaging area spell. The Scepter truly is a signature mark of any hero, and they’re universally awesome upgrades.

In games, you’ll see some heroes rush for this item, trying to get it as early as possible, or sometimes it’s more of an icing-on-the-cake type of deal.

Aghanim’s Shard

Think of this as a «minor upgrade» in comparison to the Scepter. For 1,400 gold, your hero gets a unique upgrade; sometimes it’s a new ability, sometimes an existing ability gets stronger. For example, Invoker will drop 3 Chaos Meteors instead of just 1, and the cooldown of the ability is reduced.

Bounty Rune

These are little bounties that give gold to your entire team. At the beginning of the game, 4 Bounty Runes spawn, and the teams will skirmish for them. Later on, these show up every 3 minutes on both sides of the map. You are free to steal them from the opponents’ side, as this both denies them the gold that they would get and fills the coffers of your team.

BKB (Black King Bar)

Blink Dagger

This is another key item that any hero can get. Blink Dagger allows short-range teleportation. It’s perfect for certain types of heroes that want to get in the face of other enemies and start the fight or surprise them. It’s also great for escaping, though it can’t be used if you’ve been damaged in the last 3 seconds.

Buyback

However, in the right circumstances, you can use this, quickly teleport back into an ongoing fight, and help turn the tide for your team. It’s a tough decision! In late game fights, you’ll see teams doing this a lot — there’s a specific sound that accompanies this action.

Courier

Everyone has a courier; it’s an adorable little friend that fetches items that you buy from your base straight to your hero.

If you aren’t careful, though, your courier can be killed by the opposing heroes! Don’t worry though, the items won’t be permanently lost. Killing a courier awards a small sum of gold to your team.

Creep

Those are the little soldiers that leave your base and go into lanes. They clash with each other, and the heroes need to «farm» them by dealing the killing blow. They are necessary for destroying towers and pushing into the enemy lanes. There are also «neutral» creeps in the forest areas that can be killed for additional gold.

Day and Night Cycle

A subtle but important mechanic in the game, every 5 minutes the game changes from day to night. During the day, your heroes have more vision and can see further beyond the «fog of war» (places where you don’t have vision currently). At night, this is much reduced.

There are also a few heroes whose abilities interact with this cycle, such as Night Stalker, who get much stronger at night, and can even cause temporary nightfall with his Ultimate.

A new change post 7.33: all heroes have their movement speed boosted by 15% at night, since the map got bigger!

Fountain

In the corner of each base lies the Fountain, the safest spot on the map. You can buy items here and the healing powers of the Fountain bring up your health and mana to the max.

Fountains will also attack enemies that enter this area.

Gank

In other words, an ambush, a gank is when enemy heroes surprise you with the aim of destroying your hero. If you aren’t paying attention to the minimap or your teammates don’t tell you that the enemy left the lane recently, you might get caught off your guard. There are also ways to become invisible in Dota 2.

That’s a dead Crystal Maiden right there!

High Ground

An important topographical term that you’ll hear a lot from commentators. Positioning in fights is ever so important because of the terrain features, which has some stairs, hills, and cliffs. You can’t see higher up a terrain unless you walk all the way up, but your enemies can see below, so they can already start targeting you with spells and attacks — and being first is very often a key between winning and losing that engagement.

Whenever things get tough, you’ll see teams retreating further to their base, which is easier to defend from because it is on high ground.

Itemization

The items that your hero gets during the game. Most often, some heroes typically go for certain items to raise their durability or attack power. However, certain items also grant special abilities, which are often key in defeating the enemy. Do they have a sneaky Sniper who keeps pew-pewing in the back? Get a Blink Dagger to get right on top of him. Are you the Sniper player who keeps getting ganked? Get a Shadow Blade which grants you temporary invisibility on call for a chance to escape, or, conversely, to land that first shot.

There are so many items in Dota 2 that grant you various abilities, from supportive to damaging ones. There are handy guides included in the game so that you don’t have to worry about looking them up outside the game, and it’s easy to queue them up.

River

The River is an important divider between the two sides of the map. It’s sort of «no man’s land.» It’s lower than other terrain, so you lose that high ground advantage.

Powerful runes that give temporary power-ups spawn here every two minutes.

Roshan

Roshan is the strongest «creep» in the game, a neutral boss monster that can be killed by either team. Whoever kills him not only grants a good amount of gold for the whole team, but they can also equip the Aegis of the Immortal, an item that will automatically resurrect your hero on death, granting you a second life right in the middle of a fight.

Roshan can be killed multiple times and grants increasing rewards. It’s an important strategic objective; the pit has cliffs around it, so enemies can’t see, so they have to rely on sniffing out the other team making a move on Roshan (also, killing him takes some time). It’s most often done while a few of the enemy heroes are out of commission.

An important map change in 7.33: Roshan has two pits now, in the lower right and upper left corners of the map. He occupies one pit at a time, moving between them every 5 minutes by using the Twin Gates. During the day, he is on the lower right, while at night, he is in the upper left. It takes more planning now to get Roshan, as you need to think about where you are on the map and where Roshan is. But, it is probably easier to sneak a Roshan kill now than it used to.

Stuns/Disables

Heroes can be afflicted with a variety of disables, which make them unable to perform certain actions. Stuns are very common; your hero is unable to perform most actions during it and is vulnerable to further punishment. There are many other status effects, for example Silence (can’t cast spells or abilities), Disarm (can’t use the regular attack), or Rooted (stuck in place and unable to use movement abilities). Knowing which kind of disable is good against the enemy is extremely key in Dota and is part of a good itemization strategy.

Scepter

See Aghanim’s Scepter.

Shard

See Aghanim’s Shard.

Smoke

Smoke of Deceit is a team item that grants your heroes a special type of invisibility. This is different from just being invisible in other means, because you can’t be seen by wards. However, if you get fairly close to enemy heroes, the smoke just breaks.

You’ll see teams doing big, strategic plays with this, as they will gather up, use the item, and move deep into the enemy territory to completely catch them off guard.

Tormentor

A new addition to 7.33, and another new thing to kill. This is a neutral enemy that spawns for both sides, near their bases, at minute 20. Killing it grants an Aghanim’s Shard to one of the two heroes on your team with the lowest net worth. Then, another one will spawn ten minutes after killing this one.

Towers and Tiers

There are four tiers of towers, each higher tier deeper into your territory. They mark important distinctions on how much territorial advantage each team has. The deeper your team is, the less territory the enemies have to feel safe and to get gold. Towers can also see invisible units.

Each tower will strike at creeps, and it will start shooting at your hero if they’re the last target or if you attack an enemy hero under it. The creep waves also spawn catapults that are particularly good at damaging towers.

There is a Glyph of Fortification team ability that can grant temporary invulnerability to all your buildings for a short time.

Throne/Ancient

This is the key building in each base. It must be destroyed to win, while yours must be kept alive. It can’t be damaged until the two Tier 4 Towers in front of it fall.

Twin Gate

Now that the map has gotten bigger, Valve kindly added two portals that connect the corners of the map. Near each of the Roshan’s Pits lies a Twin Gate. Any hero can click on it and channel to teleport to the other one for free. Potential danger awaits if the enemy heroes are ready to gank you.

Roshan himself uses them to cross to the other pit.

Ult/Ultimate

The most powerful ability of each hero. These become available at level 6. They usually have a very long cooldown, though not always, as there are some that are passive skills. The ninja Riki becomes permanently invisible and receives bonus backstab damage. Enigma can trap all of his opponents in the Black Hole, potentially winning the entire fight for your team. Monkey King summons a giant ring of statues that protect him and attack enemies.

Casters might often mention that a certain ult is «down,» meaning it’s on cooldown or it has been used recently.

Vision

A very important component to the game, it basically means what is «actively revealed» on the map. Anything on your team gives you vision, whether it’s your buildings, towers, creeps, or your teammates. Otherwise, you don’t know anything about the enemy movements, as they are obscured.

Wards are items that help with this. Generally used by supports, there are two types: Wards and Sentries. Wards grant vision, while Sentries do not, but they reveal invisible things around them. Both of these types are invisible themselves, but you can use Sentries to «deward» or destroy the ones that the enemy planted, if you can sort of guess where they placed them. The spots tend to be pretty common, or you might guess based on the enemy movements and activity.

Watcher

Now that the map has gotten bigger, it’s harder than ever to cover it with wards to get vision. These new Watchers grant vision when activated, which is a short channel after right-clicking them. They are active for 7 minutes. A blue light shows that it’s active for your team, and if it’s red, that means the enemies are using it.

You can click on an enemy Watcher to turn it off for 2 minutes, after which it becomes captureable again.

Most screenshots taken by author, a few images from Dota 2 Wiki

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Dota 2 Hero Positions

The top of the screen shows images and the current health and mana for all heroes. It’s useful to look at throughout the match, especially when spectating, as it shows who is currently dead and how time is there left for them to respawn, whether their ultimates are ready, etc.

Let’s start with the stars of the game — the heroes. Dota has over 100 heroes (all available for free without paywall), so trying to provide a guide to all of them would be a task above my paygrade. So instead, let’s try to understand what a team composition in Dota is supposed to be like. Each team is made of 5 heroes, and their «positions» are often referred to by numbers, 1 through 5. Those numbers have twofold meaning: you instantly know which heroes are «more important» than others on your team (as in, they should get more gold) and also they correspond to positions. Let’s break it down.

Position 1 — Carry

This is the core or carry of the team. They should get the most gold, so the rest of the heroes needs to focus on protecting the 1. The heroes who are 1s have some sort of abilities that scale really well with time and items acquired in the game, so later on in the match they become really powerful (thus, «carrying» the game to victory). They always start in the Safe Lane (bottom lane for Radiant, Top lane for Dire) with another Support.

Position 2 — Mid

They can quickly gank other lanes and set the tempo of the game.

Position 3 — Offlaner

In the offlane, they are the heroes that get the last hits, so they get a gold advantage and pressure the enemy Position 1. These heroes most often are pretty tanky guys and gals. Think of them as a solid, durable hero who gets in the face of enemies and initiates the fight for a favorable outcome. They will often get Blink Dagger for mobility and some other items that make them survive a lot of damage.

Position 4 — Soft Support

These heroes vary a lot, but they usually are able to deal a lot of damage and set up kills with stuns and disables. They can roam around the map some and assist in other lanes. They start out in the lane with the 3, the offlaner. They also buy support items.

Position 5 — Hard Support

This is a fully dedicated support that will most likely have the least gold in the game, because they don’t spend time earning gold. Their focus is assisting the teammates in fights by throwing out their spells, so they are most likely some kind of caster or healer-type hero. They direct a significant portion of their disposable income to support items like Wards and regenerative items or gear that can be used to protect other heroes.

Even if you don’t know all the abilities of the heroes, you can understand the game a lot better if you can grasp the structure of the team and see what each hero tries to accomplish.

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Fog of War

All areas outside of allied vision become covered in the fog of war. Any enemy units within the fog of war cannot be seen or targeted, unless affected by Bloodseeker‘s Thirst in which you can.

To reveal units in the fog of war, an allied unit or ability must gain vision in that area. Observer Wards can provide vision in a large area to their team. The Roshan pit has a deep fog that cannot be seen into unless there is an ally inside it or a unit has flying vision.

If a unit in the fog of war attacks an enemy that does not have vision of them, the attacker will be revealed for a few seconds.

Game On!

As always, tune in to our social media channels for giveaways and codes as we celebrate MOBA week during our Game On campaign! Do it before all the codes are claimed.

Day and Night cycle

Most units have different vision ranges for the day and night cycle. Generally, units see a lot farther during the day than they do at night. Most heroes have 1800 vision range during the day, and 800 at night, though there are several exceptions. This makes ganking more viable at night, because heroes can get much closer without being detected.

Below is a table of all exceptions to the 1800 / 800 hero vision rule:

Hero	Day Vision	Night Vision	Notes
Batrider	1200	800	Permanent
Bounty Hunter	1800	1000	Permanent
Luna	1800	800 (1800)	Luna obtains 1800 night vision permanently after leveling Lunar Blessing
Lycan	1800	800 (1800)	Lycan obtains 1800 night vision while Shapeshift is active
Night Stalker	800	1800	Permanent
Slark	1800	1800	Permanent
Sniper	1800	1400	Permanent
Winter Wyvern	1800	800 (1200)	Winter Wyvern obtains 1200 night vision while Arctic Burn is active